Here I Ago Again Scottish Independence Song
| English: Patriotic Song | |
|---|---|
| 애국가 愛國歌 | |
 | |
| National anthem of  South Korea | |
| Lyrics | Unknown (probably Yun Chi-ho or Ahn Changho), 1896[1] |
| Music | Ahn Eak-tai, 1936 |
| Adopted | August 1948 (1948-08) |
| Audio sample | |
| U.South. Navy Band instrumental version (ane poetry)
| |
| Aegukga | |
| Hangul | 애국가 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 愛國歌 |
| Revised Romanization | Aegukga |
| McCune–Reischauer | Aegukka |
" Aegukga " (Korean: 애국가 ; Hanja: 愛國歌 ; pronounced [ɛːɡuk͈ːa]; lit. "Patriotic Song"), often translated as "The Patriotic Vocal", is the national anthem of Commonwealth of Korea. It was adopted in 1948, the year the country was founded. Its music was composed in the 1930s and arranged most recently in 2018; its lyrics engagement back to the 1890s. The lyrics of "Aegukga" were originally set to the music of the Scottish song "Auld Lang Syne" earlier Ahn Eak-tai composed a unique melody specifically for it in 1936. Before the founding of South Korea, the song's lyrics, set to the music of "Auld Lang Syne", was sung, as well as during Korea under Japanese dominion by dissidents. The version set to the melody equanimous by Ahn Eak-tai was adopted as the national anthem of the Korean exile government, which existed during Korea's occupation past Nippon from the early 1910s to the mid-1940s.
"Aegukga" has four verses, but on virtually occasions only the showtime one, followed by the chorus, is sung when performed publicly at events such as baseball games and football matches.
Etymology [edit]
Aegukga literally means "patriotic song". The Encyclopedia of Korean Culture defines "Aegukga" as "the song to wake upwards the heed to dearest the country". "Aegukga" in itself is differentiated from a national canticle. While a national anthem or gukga (lit. 'country song') is an official symbol of the state, aegukga refers to any song, official or unofficial, that contains patriotic fervor towards its country, such equally Hungary's "Szózat" or the U.S. "The Stars and Stripes Forever". All the same, the nationally designated "Aegukga" plays the function of symbolizing the country.[2] [three] In general shorthand, the term aegukga refers to the national anthem of South korea.[4] Nevertheless, there are still more than 10 other extant "Aegukgas" in South korea.[ii]
History [edit]
Origins [edit]
In the 1890s, the previously established Joseon dynasty began to contact other countries for the start time, including the U.s., United kingdom, and Russia. The meeting with foreign countries ultimately gave rise to nationalism and patriotism, which and so created several "Aegugkas." For instance, works in 1896 includes "Aegukga" created past Na Pil-gun, Han Myung-one, and Lee Yong-mu.[2] On Nov 21, 1896, scholars from the Pai Chai school sang a version of "Aegukga" at the Independence Gate cornerstone-laying ceremony. However, this vocal differs from the vocal sung by the Military machine University in 1898 and from the songs sung on the birthday of the sometime emperor.[2]
Still, a book from the Korean Empire era in 1900 has a record of a national anthem. It was called the "Korean Empire Aegukga," or literally the "Canticle of the Greater Korean Empire." That composition is ordinarily believed to accept been written by Franz Eckert,[two] [five] who as well bundled the Japanese national canticle. Some people contend that records documenting Franz Eckert's actions show that it was physically impossible for him to write the anthem. It is guessed that the song sung by the Paejae school was the Scottish vocal "Auld Lang Syne" and that the vocal sung by the Military Academy is a version of the British song "God Salve the Queen." [2]
The song attributed to Eckert was established by the armed services in 1902. A version of Eckert'due south song with different lyrics began to exist officially implemented in the schools in 1904. All the schools were forced to sing the version of the vocal. The policy is thought of equally a past-product of the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 and the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907.[ii]
There are many theories apropos the author of the currently official lyrics of "Aegukga." It is almost unremarkably believed that the lyrics were written for the cornerstone-laying ceremony of the Independence Gate in Seoul in 1896 by Yun Chi-ho, a Korean politician.[2] [6] After, Kim Gu during the Korean authorities-in-exile era, said to his comrades: "In the March 1st Movement, nosotros had the Taegeukgi and the Aegukga. Why should who wrote it exist an issue?" He wrote: "The lyrics and the anthem'due south spirit are more of import than the nature of the lyricist."[vii] Other theories name the lyricist as An Chang-ho, Choi Byung-hun, Kim In-sik, Min Yeong-hwan, or some combination of the aforementioned writers. A committee was established in 1955 by the authorities to decide authorship of the lyrics, on the request of the United states of america, merely it concluded that there was not enough evidence to favor anyone.[8]
Initially, "Aegukga" was sung to the melody of the Scottish folk song "Auld Lang Syne," which was introduced to Korea by western missionaries. The Provisional Korean Regime (1919–1945) in Shanghai, China, adopted it equally their national anthem. At a ceremony jubilant the founding of Republic of korea on 15 August 1948, the Scottish melody was finally replaced past the Finale of "Korea Fantasia", which Ahn Eak-tai had equanimous in 1936, though its usage with information technology had been done unofficially for a few years before then.[9] The new "Aegukga" was later adopted by the Presidential Decree of 1948 by the then South Korean President Syngman Rhee.
During official ceremonies until 1987, "Aegukga" was preceded by four ruffles and flourishes, similar to the Taiwanese practice; today the canticle is played following the playing of the presidential honours music.[x]
Copyright [edit]
Since the composer Ahn Eak-tai died in 1965, the copyright for the music was to not expire until at least 2036. 2 South Korean professional person football clubs were sued past a copyright holders' group for playing this song in December 2003.[11] Notwithstanding, on March 16, 2005, the composer'south widow—Lolita Ahn—and her family unit relinquished all rights to "Aegukga" to the South Korean regime.[12] "Aegukga" has since become a public domain song.[xiii]
Criticism [edit]
The South Korean national anthem'southward lyrics have been criticised by professor of international studies Brian Reynolds Myers as being also focused on indigenous nationalism instead of civic republicanism.[14] [xv] Myers believes that information technology fosters ethnic nationalist affinity towards a "Korean race" rather than patriotism towards the Southward Korean state itself.[14] Myers claims that a side result of this is increased sympathy amongst Due south Koreans for the North Korean regime nether the guise of pan-ethnic nationalism, which could peradventure endanger South Korea's national security in the face up of a North Korean military threat.[14] [fifteen]
Lyrics [edit]
Korean original [edit]
| Hangul (official) | Hangul and Hanja | Revised Romanization of Korean | IPA transcription[a] |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1절 후렴: 2절: 후렴 3절: 4절: | 1절: 후렴: 2절: 3절: 4절: | 1-jeol: Huryeom: 2-jeol: 3-jeol: 4-jeol: | [1 t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ] [ɸʷu.ɾjʌ̹m] [2 t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ] [ɸʷu.ɾjʌ̹m] [3 t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ] [ɸʷu.ɾjʌ̹m] [four t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ] [ɸʷu.ɾjʌ̹m] |
English language translations [edit]
| Literal English translation | Poetic English translation[16] |
|---|---|
| 1st poesy Refrain: 2d verse Refrain tertiary poetry Refrain 4th verse Refrain | 1st verse Refrain: 2nd poesy Refrain 3rd verse Refrain 4th verse Refrain |
Notes [edit]
- ^ Meet Help:IPA and Korean phonology. Based on Wiktionary's Korean pronunciation.
- ^ Republic of korea, and the Korean language in full general, refers to the Body of water of Japan as East Sea
References [edit]
- ^ (CHEONGWADAE), 청와대. "대한민국 청와대". 대한민국 청와대. Archived from the original on 2015-06-ten.
- ^ a b c d e f thou h "애국가". Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved October 8, 2013.
- ^ "애국가[愛國歌]". Doosan Corporation. Retrieved October eight, 2013.
- ^ "대한제국애국가". NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 8, 2013.
- ^ "S Korea – Aegukga". NationalAnthems.me. Archived from the original on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2011-11-17 .
- ^ 팽귄기자. "대학토론 배틀 – 좋은 투자의 조건 -". demo-press.optian.co.kr.
- ^ "안익태가 애국가를 처음 만들었다?". NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 9, 2013.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: TheKhanate (11 June 2016). "National anthem of South Korea(commencement recording 1942)(culling version):"애국가"(Aegukga)" – via YouTube.
- ^ 강민구 (10 February 2018). "1984년 국군의날기념식 (건군36주년)". Archived from the original on 2019-11-10 – via YouTube.
- ^ "애국가 틀때도 저작권료 내야돼?". The Hankyoreh. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^ "애국가 작곡가 안익태 48주기 추모식". News1 Korea. 16 September 2013. Retrieved Oct 11, 2013.
- ^ "South korea - National Anthem". Cyberspace Annal. 2007. Retrieved June 24, 2019.
- ^ a b c Myers, Brian Reynolds (22 September 2011). "N Korea'due south state-loyalty reward". Free Online Library. Archived from the original on xx May 2018.
The national anthem conveys no republican ethics at all, referring simply to the ancient race and homeland.
- ^ a b Myers, Brian Reynolds (xx December 2017). "North Korea's Unification Bulldoze".
[P]eople here [in South Korea] do not identify strongly with their country. No public holiday celebrates it, neither the flag nor the coat of artillery nor the anthem conveys republican or not-ethnic values, no statues of presidents stand in major cities. Few people tin can fifty-fifty tell you the year in which the state was founded. When the boilerplate human sees the flag, he feels fraternity with Koreans around the world.
- ^ http://15cwd.pa.get.kr/english/children/country/anthem.php
External links [edit]
- Streaming audio, lyrics and info
- Commonwealth of Korea National Anthem
- nationalanthems.info
- 아이러브 KBS
- 맹세문 애국가 다운로드 | 경상남도교육청
- 업무 안내> 장차관직속기관> 의정관> 국가상징> 국민의례
- "Aegugka" sung to the melody of "Auld Lang Syne" Archived 2018-06-14 at the Wayback Auto
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegukga
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